Friday, July 24, 2009

Israk Mikraj

ISRAK dan Mikraj adalah peristiwa luar biasa, melangkaui pancaindera manusia tetapi membuktikan keagungan dan kekuasaan Allah yang menguasai langit dan bumi.

Mungkin bagi sesetengah orang, ia dianggap karut dan tidak logik atau dongeng tetapi bagi umat Islam, mereka wajib mempercayai peristiwa itu.
Malah, ulama mencapai kata sepakat, orang Islam yang meragui atau tidak mempercayainya adalah terkeluar dari Islam.

Peristiwa itu dirakamkan dalam al-Quran. "Maha suci Allah yang menjalankan hamba-Nya pada malam hari dari Masjidil Haram ke Masjidil Aqsa yang Kami berkati sekelilingnya, untuk diperlihatkan kepadanya tanda kekuasaan Kami. Sesungguhnya Allah Maha Mendengar lagi Maha Mengetahui." (al-Isra':1)

Israk bermakna perjalanan Nabi Muhammad s.a.w pada suatu malam dari Masjidil Haram di Makkah ke Masjidil Aqsa di Palestin, dalam tempoh singkat.

Mikraj ialah perjalanan Nabi Muhammad s.a.w naik dari alam bawah (bumi) ke alam atas (langit) sampai ke tujuh langit dan ke Sidratul Muntaha, iaitu dari Masjidil Aqsa di Palestin naik ke atas melalui beberapa lapisan, menuju Baitul Makmur dan Sidratul Muntaha, ke Arasy menerima wahyu Allah yang mengandungi perintah solat lima waktu sehari semalam.

Daripada riwayat menceritakan beberapa liku kejadian dialami baginda, tidak kurang dengan kejadian aneh bermula dari awal.

Peristiwa itu berlaku pada tanggal 27 Rejab tahun ketiga sebelum Nabi s.a.w berhijrah. Ketika itu, nabi tidur di makam Nabi Ismail a.s dekat Kaabah diapit dua saudaranya, Jaafar dan Hamzah bin Abu Talib.

Tiba-tiba, datang malaikat Jibril membawanya dan membelah dadanya. Hati baginda dibersihkan dengan air zam-zam, dibuang ketul hitam, diisinya dengan iman dan hikmah, kemudian ditutup kembali dan dimeterikan dengan 'khatimin nubuwwah.'

Selesai pembedahan, didatangkan sejenis haiwan iaitu Buraq untuk ditunggangi Rasulullah dalam perjalanan luar biasa (Israk) dan sepanjang perjalanan dari Masjidil Haram ke Masjidil Aqsa dengan ditemani Jibril.

Buraq berasal daripada perkataan Barq, bererti kilat. Buraq itu ialah binatang atau kenderaan yang kecepatannya seperti kilat.

Menurut sarjana, kecepatan kilat itu sama dengan kecepatan cahaya, iaitu 300,000 kilometer setiap saat. Kecepatan Buraq sekelip mata di antara Makkah dan Palestin.

Sampai di tempat tertentu Rasulullah s.a.w diarah Jibril berhenti dan melakukan solat dua rakaat seperti di Thaibah (Madinah), tempat baginda akan melakukan hijrah, Bukit Tursina (tempat Nabi Musa a.s menerima wahyu) dan Baitul Laham (tempat Nabi Isa a.s dilahirkan).

Dalam perjalanan itu juga baginda mengalami beberapa kejadian seperti gangguan jin Ifrit dan menyaksikan golongan yang sedang bercucuk tanam, terus menuaikan hasil tanaman.

Baginda juga menyaksikan tempat yang berbau harum iaitu bau kubur Masyitah (tukang sikat rambut anak Firaun) bersama suami dan anaknya yang dibunuh Firaun, segolongan sedang memecahkan kepala, golongan yang menutup kemaluan mereka dengan secebis kain serta lelaki dan perempuan makan daging mentah berbau busuk.

Apabila ke Hadhratul Qudus untuk bertemu Allah baginda didatangkan Mikraj (tangga) yang indah dari syurga. Rasulullah dan Jibril naik ke tangga pertama lalu terangkat ke pintu langit dunia (pintu Hafzhah).

Di langit pertama Nabi bertemu dengan Nabi Adam a.s. Baginda diperlihatkan roh syuhada di sebelah kanan Nabi Adam dan roh manusia yang rugi di sebelah kirinya.

Selepas itu, di langit kedua baginda bertemu Nabi Yahya dan Nabi Isa, di langit ketiga dipertemukan dengan Nabi Yusuf, di langit keempat bersama Nabi Idris dan di langit kelima dengan Nabi Harun, yang turut mengucapkan salam kepadanya.

Tiba di langit keenam baginda berjumpa dengan Nabi Musa a.s dan Nabi Ibrahim di langit ketujuh.

Di langit ketujuh Nabi juga diperlihatkan alam ghaib malaikat yang setiap harinya tidak kurang daripada 70,000 malaikat keluar masuk.

Kemudian, dari langit ketujuh Nabi terus dibawa ke langit yang lebih atas, iaitu Sidratul Muntaha dan ke Mustawa.

Nabi s.a.w diperlihatkan Sidrah dan gerak geri qalam dalam menulis, malah baginda juga diperlihatkan malaikat Jibril dalam bentuk yang sebenar.

Baginda juga bermunajat dengan Allah dan dalam munajat itu baginda menerima perintah melakukan solat 50 waktu sehari semalam yang kemudian dipendekkan kepada lima waktu saja, selepas melalui permintaan berulang kali atas usul Nabi Musa.

Rasulullah kembali ke Masjidil Haram di Makkah dengan selamat dan bersyukur kepada Allah.

Antara tanda kebesaran diperlihatkan kepada baginda ialah kehebatan perjalanan itu yang hanya mengambil waktu semalaman, menggunakan kenderaan Buraq yang tidak pernah dikenali manusia.

Kehebatan perjalanan itu sukar dimengertikan akal manusia. Tetapi yang nyata itulah bukti kekuasaan Allah yang mencabar keimanan manusia untuk menerima dengan sepenuh hati.

credit: beritaharian.online

Wednesday, July 8, 2009

Beads

i stumbled upon this website about bead..patience and creative..

i think i should know how to sew beads too..hahaha

credits: De Beads Collection


FOOD

Food safety and foodborne illness

Food safety is an increasingly important public health issue. Governments all over the world are intensifying their efforts to improve food safety. These efforts are in response to an increasing number of food safety problems and rising consumer concerns.

Definition of foodborne illness: Foodborne illnesses are defined as diseases, usually either infectious or toxic in nature, caused by agents that enter the body through the ingestion of food. Every person is at risk of foodborne illness.

Magnitude of foodborne illness: Foodborne diseases are a widespread and growing public health problem, both in developed and developing countries.

  • The global incidence of foodborne disease is difficult to estimate, but it has been reported that in 2005 alone 1.8 million people died from diarrhoeal diseases. A great proportion of these cases can be attributed to contamination of food and drinking water. Additionally, diarrhoea is a major cause of malnutrition in infants and young children.
  • In industrialized countries, the percentage of the population suffering from foodborne diseases each year has been reported to be up to 30%. In the United States of America (USA), for example, around 76 million cases of foodborne diseases, resulting in 325,000 hospitalizations and 5,000 deaths, are estimated to occur each year.
  • While less well documented, developing countries bear the brunt of the problem due to the presence of a wide range of foodborne diseases, including those caused by parasites. The high prevalence of diarrhoeal diseases in many developing countries suggests major underlying food safety problems.
  • While most foodborne diseases are sporadic and often not reported, foodborne disease outbreaks may take on massive proportions. For example, in 1994, an outbreak of salmonellosis due to contaminated ice cream occurred in the USA, affecting an estimated 224,000 persons. In 1988, an outbreak of hepatitis A, resulting from the consumption of contaminated clams, affected some 300,000 individuals in China.

Major foodborne diseases from microorganisms

  • Salmonellosis is a major problem in most countries. Salmonellosis is caused by the Salmonella bacteria and symptoms are fever, headache, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain and diarrhoea. Examples of foods involved in outbreaks of salmonellosis are eggs, poultry and other meats, raw milk and chocolate.
  • Campylobacteriosis is a widespread infection. It is caused by certain species of Campylobacter bacteria and in some countries, the reported number of cases surpasses the incidence of salmonellosis. Foodborne cases are mainly caused by foods such as raw milk, raw or undercooked poultry and drinking water. Acute health effects of campylobacteriosis include severe abdominal pain, fever, nausea and diarrhoea. In two to ten per cent of cases the infection may lead to chronic health problems, including reactive arthritis and neurological disorders.
  • Infections due to enterohaemorrhagic (causing intestinal bleeding) E. coli, e.g. E.coli O157, and listeriosis are important foodborne diseases which have emerged over the last decades. Although their incidence is relatively low, their severe and sometimes fatal health consequences, particularly among infants, children and the elderly, make them among the most serious foodborne infections.
  • Cholera is a major public health problem in developing countries, also causing enormous economic losses. The disease is caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae. In addition to water, contaminated foods can be the vehicle of infection. Different foods, including rice, vegetables, millet gruel and various types of seafood have been implicated in outbreaks of cholera. Symptoms, including abdominal pain, vomiting and profuse watery diarrhoea, may lead to severe dehydration and possibly death, unless fluid and salt are replaced.

Other food safety problems: some major examples

  • Naturally occurring toxins, such as mycotoxins, marine biotoxins, cyanogenic glycosides and toxins occurring in poisonous mushrooms, periodically cause severe intoxications. Mycotoxins, such as aflatoxin and ochratoxin A, are found at measurable levels in many staple foods; the health implications of long-term exposure of such toxins are poorly understood.
  • Unconventional agents such as the agent causing bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE, or "mad cow disease"), is associated with variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob (vCJD) Disease in humans. Consumption of bovine products containing brain tissue is the most likely route for transmission of the agent to humans.
  • Persistant Organic Pollutants (POPs) are compounds that accumulate in the environment and the human body. Known examples are Dioxins and PCBs (polychlorinated biphenyls). Dioxins are unwanted byproducts of some industrial processes and waste incineration. Exposure to POPs may result in a wide variety of adverse effects in humans.
  • Metals: such as lead and mercury, cause neurological damage in infants and children. Exposure to cadmium can also cause kidney damage, usually seen in the elderly. These (and POPs) may contaminate food through pollution of air, water and soil.

Costs of foodborne diseases

  • Food contamination creates an enormous social and economic burden on communities and their health systems. In the USA, diseases caused by the major pathogens alone are estimated to cost up to US $35 billion annually (1997) in medical costs and lost productivity. The re-emergence of cholera in Peru in 1991 resulted in the loss of US $500 million in fish and fishery product exports that year.

Challenges and developments in food safety

The safety of food derived from biotechnology needs to be carefully assessed. To provide the scientific basis for decisions regarding human health, new methods and policies to assess such food need to be developed and agreed upon internationally. The assessment should consider health benefits as well as possible negative health implications. Crops modified to resist pests, foods with allergens removed or food with an increase of essential nutrients are possible examples of the former, while anti-microbial markers in some genetically modified foods have been suggested to be an example of the latter. The weighing of potential risks and benefits is an important aspect of assessment of foods derived from biotechnology that has not received much attention in the past. Likewise, clear communication of the basis for safety assessment in this area is generally lacking at national and international levels.

If not properly monitored and assessed, changes in animal husbandry practices, including feeding, may have serious implications for food safety. For example, increased use of ruminant bone and meat meal as feed supplement for cattle appear to have played a role in the emergence of BSE.

Adding low levels of antibiotics to animal feed in order to increase growth rate has raised concern about the transfer of antibiotic resistance to human pathogens from this practice.

Modern intensive agricultural practices contribute to increasing the availability of affordable foodstuffs and the use of food additives can improve the quality, quantity and safety of the food supply. However, appropriate controls are necessary to ensure their proper and safe use along the entire food chain. Pre-market review and approval followed by continuous monitoring are necessary to ensure the safe use of pesticides, veterinary drugs and food additives.

Other challenges, which need to be addressed to help ensure food safety, include the globalization of trade in food, urbanization, changes in lifestyles, international travel, environmental pollution, deliberate contamination and natural and manmade disasters. The food production chain has become more complex, providing greater opportunities for contamination and growth of pathogens. Many outbreaks of foodborne diseases that were once contained within a small community may now take on global dimensions.

Future directions for food safety at the World Health Organization (WHO)

In partnership with other stakeholders, WHO is developing policies that will further promote the safety of food. These policies cover the entire food chain from production to consumption and will make use of different types of expertise.

The Work of the WHO Department of Food Safety and other WHO programmes and departments includes strengthening food safety systems, promoting good manufacturing practices and educating retailers and consumers about appropriate food handling. Education of consumers and training of food handlers in safe food handling is one of the most critical interventions in the prevention of foodborne illnesses.

  • WHO is promoting in-country laboratory-based surveillance of priority foodborne diseases in humans and animals, as well as the monitoring of pathogens in food. In co-operation with its Member States, WHO is working to support the development of internationally agreed-upon guidelines for data collection in countries. WHO is also compiling outbreak and surveillance databases, and is broadening its epidemic surveillance capacity to include foodborne disease outbreaks.
  • WHO is expanding its global network of participating institutions to monitor chemical contamination of the food supply, particularly in developing countries.
  • WHO is promoting the use of all food technologies which may contribute to public health, such as pasteurization, food irradiation and fermentation.
  • WHO has undertaken an important new initiative to strengthen the scientific basis of food safety activities through the establishment of a WHO/FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations) expert advisory body to assess microbiological risks in food.
  • WHO is increasing its involvement in the work of the FAO/WHO Codex Alimentarius Commission, whose standards, guidelines and recommendations are regarded as the international reference for food safety requirements by the World Trade Organization. WHO and FAO is initiating a thorough review of Codex primo 2002.
  • Biotechnology has become a major public issue in developed as well as developing countries. WHO, jointly with FAO, will convene a series of expert consultations to assess the safety and nutritional aspects of foods derived from genetically modified plants, microorganisms, and animals. WHO has initiated work to establish a knowledge base focusing on a broader evaluation of risks, benefits and other considerations related to the production and consumption of foods derived from biotechnology.
credit: http://www.who.int/mediacentre

My Sweet Mother

suka ambil gambar dan perasan diri sendiri seorang jurufoto yang profesional tahap kucing kiutwink big nose..hahaha..tidaklah...ini hasil gambar yang saya shoot di sekitar halaman rumah dan juga kebun belakang rumah..model : mamakuheart...hehehe

kebun sayur manis yang diusahakan oleh mamaequal smile..

sedang mengambil 'daeng' @ daun sirih..mama ku memang anak dusun tulen dan saya juga telah mewarisi makanan tradisi masyarakat dusun iniequal grin>>> Clap! Clap! Clap!

di bawah rimbunan daun rumpun tuhau..nyam nyam nyamtongue

rumpun bunga pisang belakang bilik mandi..hehe, walaupun di belakang bilik mandi tetap ada seri bungatongue..

di halaman depan rumah yang dipenuhi dengan bunga kegemaranheart mama>>bunga puding<<
dekat rumpun pandan..boleh masak-masak

tengah ambil daun ubi kayu untuk buat sayur makan malam..sedapnya kalau masak lemak ikan masin / pecal / ulam dan belacan..nyam nyam nyam..terasa diriku lapar seketikacry..

lain kali saya upload gambar bunga-bunga yang mama tanam di halaman rumah..saya pun tidak tahu nama itu bunga semua oo..ehehe



PISMK OUM

salam semua..hari ni saya akan meng'upload'kan picture kelas PISMK OUM yang telah diambil oleh miss khay (thanks)..gambar ni sebenarnya sudah lama diambil tetapi oleh keran saya sagat 'rajin' maka baru hari ni tergerak hati..hehehe..

bergambar bersama KJ Jabatan Kajian Sosial (En. Yeap Keng Leng) dan KJ Jabatan Seni (En. Ahmad Yassin)

ni gambar saja-saja..heheh

Guru Pembimbing


Who's that?? that is my mentor for my LM, Ustazah Sarina Musa..clap! clap! Clap! (bowing my head down for your guidence)..hehe, saya curi gambar dari blog GP sendiri

credit: manikayangan.blogspot.com

LM'ing..

i teach KT, PSK and PSV for 4 year classes..i've met my students..they all seem very active and bit naughty too..i hope they can accept me and cope with my PnP..hehe..we've got KOKUM after class, so we'll stay a little late for today..oh, i'm in TKRS and Persatuan KHKT..aha, so called majoring in one..huhu

Tuesday, July 7, 2009

SK TUARID TAUD

i'm on my LM (Latihan Mengajar) in Sk. Tuarid Taud for 6 week from 06/07 untill 14/08 2009equal grin. i'm happy because i'm LM'ing with Miss Santi Paniwink, and we get there by her car. so, we can't afford of being late anymorecool..hik3..

all teachers in SK TUARID TAUD are nice and friendly. i'm glad to have such adorable colleagues and helpfull mentorheart.

may my 6 week be bless by happinessheart and nonstressful event..hopefullywink big nose...

also, a want to gain more experience here and there from other teachers.wink big nose.hehe..

what am i doing now, i think a have PSK class after this,GTG..bye byeheart..